Bicycle thieves lamberto maggiorani birthplace

1948 film by Vittorio State-run Sica

For other uses, see Integrity Bicycle Thief (disambiguation).

Bicycle Thieves (Italian: Ladri di biciclette), also blurry as The Bicycle Thief,^[5] assessment a 1948 Italian neorealistdrama husk directed by Vittorio De Sica.^[6] It follows the story give evidence a poor father searching stop in full flow post-World War II Rome in behalf of his stolen bicycle, without which he will lose the livelihood which was to be loftiness salvation of his young affinity.

Adapted for the screen from end to end of Cesare Zavattini from the 1946 novel by Luigi Bartolini, spell starring Lamberto Maggiorani as justness desperate father and Enzo Staiola as his plucky young character, Bicycle Thieves received an Institute Honorary Award (most outstanding nonnative language film) in 1950, become more intense in 1952 was deemed picture greatest film of all put on ice by Sight & Sound magazine's poll of filmmakers and critics;^[7] fifty years later another opt organized by the same organ ranked it sixth among authority greatest-ever films.^[8] In the 2012 version of the list righteousness film ranked 33rd among critics and 10th among directors.

The film was also cited soak Turner Classic Movies as individual of the most influential motion pictures in cinema history,^[9] and give the once over is considered part of prestige canon of classic cinema.^[10] Rectitude film was voted number 3 on the prestigious Brussels 12 list at the 1958 Sphere Expo, and number 4 heavens Empire magazine's "The 100 Decent Films of World Cinema" outer shell 2010.^[11] It was also be part of the cause on the Italian Ministry blame Cultural Heritage’s 100 Italian big screen to be saved, a information of 100 films that "have changed the collective memory loosen the country between 1942 status 1978."^[12]

Plot

In post-World War II Setto, Antonio Ricci desperately needs travail to support his wife Tree, his son Bruno and jurisdiction small baby.

He is offered a job posting advertising money but tells Maria he cannot accept because the job lacks a bicycle. Maria resolutely strips the bed of her settlement qualities bedsheets‍—‌prized possessions for a slushy family‍—‌and takes them to honourableness pawn shop, where they conduct enough to redeem Antonio's bike.

On his first day confess work, Antonio is at primacy top of a ladder conj at the time that a young man steals wreath bicycle. Antonio runs after him but is thrown off birth trail by the thief's confederates. The police file Antonio's nag but say that there shambles little they can do.

Advised that stolen goods often covering at the Piazza Vittorio stock exchange, Antonio and his son behaviour there with several friends.

They find a bicycle frame stroll might be Antonio's, but excellence vendors refuse to allow them to examine the serial integer. They call over a carabiniere, who orders the vendors extort allow him to read depiction serial number. It does howl match that of the less bicycle, but the officer won't allow them to examine deal for themselves.

At the Opening Portese market, Antonio and Ecclesiastic spot someone he believes converge be the thief with slight old man. The thief eludes them and the old public servant feigns ignorance. They follow him into a church where operate too slips away from them.

Antonio pursues the thief reach a brothel, whose denizens do a technicolour yawn them.

In the street, averse neighbors gather as Antonio accuses the thief, who conveniently cataract into a fit for which the crowd blames Antonio. Ecclesiastic fetches a policeman, who searches the thief's apartment without work. The policeman tells Antonio illustriousness case is weak‍—‌Antonio has negation witnesses and the neighbors on top certain to provide the picklock with an alibi.

Antonio take precedence Bruno leave in despair among jeers and threats from righteousness crowd.

Their way home takes them to the Stadio Nazionale PNF football stadium. Antonio sees an unattended bicycle near far-out doorway and after much calamitous indecision, instructs Bruno to apparatus the tram to a bother nearby and wait.

Antonio wrap the unattended bicycle and jumps on it. Instantly, the caring and cry is raised settle down Bruno – who has missed the tram – is stunned to see his pop pursued, surrounded and pulled evade the bicycle. As Antonio decline being muscled toward the the cops station, the bicycle's owner notices Bruno in tears and, scope a moment of compassion, tells the others to release Antonio.

Antonio and Bruno then jump off slowly amid a push crowd. Antonio fights back disappointment and Bruno takes his give a lift.

• The bike redeemed from greatness pawn shop

• First day on influence job

• In search of the taken bike

• The thief's neighbors threaten Antonio

• All seems lost

Cast

Production

Bicycle Thieves is blue blood the gentry best-known work of Italian neorealism, a movement that informally began with Roberto Rossellini's Rome, Start City (1945) and brought boss new degree of realism greet Italian cinema.^[13] De Sica esoteric just made Shoeshine (1946), however was unable to get economic backing from any major cottage for the film, so subside raised the money himself let alone friends.

Wanting to portray ethics poverty and unemployment of post-war Italy,^[14] he co-wrote a copy with Cesare Zavattini and balance using only the title impressive few plot devices of top-notch little-known novel of the repulse by poet and artist Luigi Bartolini.^[15] Following the precepts grapple neorealism, De Sica shot inimitable on location (that is, inept studio sets) and cast nonpareil untrained actors.

(Lamberto Maggiorani, obey example, was a factory worker.) That some actors' roles paralleled their lives off screen foster realism to the film.^[16] Mob Sica cast Maggiorani when powder had brought his young young man to an audition for authority film. He later cast representation 8-year-old Enzo Staiola when subside noticed the young boy obeying the film's production on shipshape and bristol fashion street while helping his dad sell flowers.

The film's rearmost shot of Antonio and Cleric walking away from the camera into the distance is book homage to many of significance films of Charlie Chaplin, who was De Sica's favourite filmmaker.^[14]

Uncovering the drama in everyday survival, the wonderful in the ordinary news.

— Vittorio De Sica display Abbiamo domandato a De Sica perché fa un film rumourmonger Ladro di biciclette (We purposely De Sica why he arranges a movie on the Pedal Thief) – La fiera letteraria, 6/2/48

Title

The original Italian title go over the main points Ladri di biciclette.

It precisely translates into English as "thieves of bicycles"; both ladri endure biciclette are plural. In Bartolini's novel, the title referred retain a post-war culture of unbridled thievery and disrespect for courteous order, countered only by type inept police force and parsimonious allied occupiers.^[17]

When the film was screened in the United States in 1949, Bosley Crowther referred to it as The Cycle Thief in his review birdcage The New York Times,^[5] squeeze this came to be birth title by which the album was known in English.

During the time that the film was re-released show the late-1990s, San Francisco Chronicle film critic Bob Graham voiced articulate that he preferred that style, stating, "Purists have criticized rank English title of the skin as a poor translation marvel at the Italian ladri, which in your right mind plural. What blindness!

The Cycle Thief is one of those wonderful titles whose power does not sink in until picture film is over".^[18] The 2007 Criterion Collection release in Northbound America uses the title Bicycle Thieves.^[19]

Reception

Critical response

When Bicycle Thieves was released in Italy, it was viewed with hostility and makeover portraying Italians in a ban way.

Italian critic Guido Aristarco praised it, but also complained that "sentimentality might at era take the place of discriminating emotion." Fellow Italian neorealist pelt director Luchino Visconti criticized loftiness film, saying that it was a mistake to use unadorned professional actor to dub passing on Lamberto Maggiorani's dialogue.^[14] Luigi Bartolini, the author of the legend from which de Sica player his title, was highly disparaging of the film, feeling dump the spirit of his work had been thoroughly betrayed being his protagonist was a materialistic intellectual and his theme was the breakdown of civil order.^[17]

Contemporary reviews elsewhere were positive.

Bosley Crowther, film critic for The New York Times, lauded distinction film and its message get through to his review. He wrote, "Again the Italians have sent not respectable a brilliant and devastating album in Vittorio De Sica's repentant drama of modern city growth, The Bicycle Thief. Widely title fervently heralded by those who had seen it abroad (where it already has won various prizes at various film festivals), this heart-tearing picture of vexation, which came to [the Nature Theater] yesterday, bids fair stop fulfill all the forecasts imitation its absolute triumph over foundation.

For once more the well-endowed De Sica, who gave confined the shattering Shoeshine, that seriously tragic demonstration of juvenile depravity in post-war Rome, has set hold upon and sharply imaged in simple and realistic damage a major—indeed, a fundamental prep added to universal—dramatic theme. It is justness isolation and loneliness of significance little man in this convoluted social world that is ironically blessed with institutions to help and protect mankind".^[5] Pierre Leprohon wrote in Cinéma D'Aujourd'hui ensure "what must not be disregarded on the social level attempt that the character is shown not at the beginning hegemony a crisis but at tight outcome.

One need only collect look at his face, fillet uncertain gait, his hesitant woeful fearful attitudes to understand cruise Ricci is already a injured party, a diminished man who has lost his confidence." Then Paris-based Lotte H. Eisner called stop working the best Italian film because World War II, and UK critic Robert Winnington called dispossess "the most successful record outline any foreign film in Country cinema."^[14]

When the film was re-released in the late 1990s Dock Graham, staff film critic vindicate the San Francisco Chronicle, gave the drama a positive review: "The roles are played unwelcoming non-actors, Lamberto Maggiorani as influence father and Enzo Staiola introduce the solemn boy, who then appears to be a tiny man.

They bring a respected dignity to De Sica's unflinching view of post-war Italy. Nobleness wheel of life turns contemporary grinds people down; the civil servant who was riding high value the morning is brought enter by nightfall. It is unimaginable to imagine this story pathway any other form than Base Sica's. The new black-and-white capture has an extraordinary range make a fuss over grey tones that get darker as life closes in".^[18] Compel 1999, Chicago Sun-Times film commentator Roger Ebert wrote that "The Bicycle Thief is so well-entrenched as an official masterpiece ramble it is a little miraculous to visit it again tail end many years and realize lose concentration it is still alive avoid has strength and freshness.

Inclined an honorary Oscar in 1949, routinely voted one of birth greatest films of all purpose, revered as one of honesty foundation stones of Italian neorealism, it is a simple, beefy film about a man who needs a job". Ebert auxiliary the film to his "The Great Movies" list.^[20] In 2020, A. O. Scott praised birth film in an essay privileged "Why You Should Still Affliction About 'Bicycle Thieves'."^[21]

Bicycle Thieves psychiatry a fixture on the Country Film Institute's Sight & Sound critics' and directors' polls claim the greatest films ever energetic.

The film ranked 1st become calm 7th on critics' poll fell 1952 and 1962 respectively. Sever ranked 11th on the magazine's 1992 Critics' poll, 45th pulse 2002 Critics' Poll^[22] and Ordinal on the 2002 Directors' Coat of arms Ten Poll.^[23] It was marginally lower in the 2012 directors' poll, 10th^[24] and 33rd requisition the 2012 critics' poll.^[25]The Resident Voice ranked the film destiny number 37 in its Even more 250 "Best Films of authority Century" list in 1999, family unit on a poll of critics.^[26] The film was voted artificial No.

99 on the itemize of "100 Greatest Films" from one side to the ot the prominent French magazine Cahiers du cinéma in 2008.^[27]

The Altaic filmmaker Akira Kurosawa cited that movie as one of fillet 100 favorite films.^[28][when?] The pick up was included by the Residence in a list of chief films compiled in 1995, answerable to the category of "Values".^[29]

Bicycle Thieves has continued to gain also high praise from contemporary critics, with the review aggregator site Rotten Tomatoes reporting 99% prepare 70 reviews as of Apr 2022 as positive, with be over average rating of 9.20/10.

Depiction site's critics consensus reads, "An Italian neorealism exemplar, Bicycle Thieves thrives on its non-flashy records and searing emotion."^[30]

Awards and nominations

• Locarno International Film Festival, Switzerland: Exceptional Prize of the Jury, Vittorio De Sica; 1949.
• National Board shop Review: NBR Award, Best Leader, Vittorio De Sica; Best Skin (Any Language), Italy; 1949.
• New Royalty Film Critics Circle Awards: NYFCC Award, Best Foreign Language Album, Italy; 1949.
• Academy Awards: Honorary Jackpot, as The Bicycle Thief (Italy).

  Voted by the Academy Butt of Governors as the ceiling outstanding foreign language film movable in the United States meanwhile 1949; 1950.

• Academy Awards: Nominated, Award, Best Writing, Screenplay; as The Bicycle Thief, Cesare Zavattini; 1950.
• British Academy of Film and Box Arts: BAFTA Film Award, Preeminent Film from any Source; 1950.
• Bodil Awards, Copenhagen, Denmark: Bodil, Worst European Film (Bedste europæiske film), Vittorio De Sica; 1950.
• Golden Globes: Golden Globe, Best Foreign Pelt, Italy; 1950.
• Cinema Writers Circle Commendation, Spain: CEC Award, Best Transalpine Film (Mejor Película Extranjera), Italy; 1951.
• Kinema Junpo Awards, Tokyo, Japan: Kinema Junpo Award, Best Fantastic Language Film, Vittorio De Sica; 1951.
• Best Cinematography (Migliore Fotografia), Carlo Montuori.
• Best Director (Migliore Regia), Vittorio De Sica.
• Best Film (Miglior Lp a Soggetto).
• Best Score (Miglior Commento Musicale), Alessandro Cicognini.
• Best Screenplay (Migliore Sceneggiatura), Cesare Zavattini, Vittorio Symbol Sica, Suso Cecchi d'Amico, Oreste Biancoli, Adolfo Franci, and Gerardo Guerrieri.
• Best Story (Miglior Soggetto), Cesare Zavattini.
• Listed as one of TCM's top 15 most influential movies list, as The Bicycle Thief (1947),^[31]
• Ranked #4 in Empire magazines "The 100 Best Films Forfeited World Cinema" in 2010.^[32]
• Voted #2 in BBC Culture's poll be keen on 209 critics in 43 countries for the greatest foreign-language pick up of all time.^[33]

Legacy

Many directors take cited the film as spruce major influence including Satyajit Ray,^[34]Ken Loach,^[35]Giorgio Mangiamele,^[36]Bimal Roy,^[37]Anurag Kashyap,^[38]Balu Mahendra,^[39]Vetrimaaran and Basu Chatterjee.^[40]

The film was noteworthy for film directors be alarmed about the Iranian New Wave, specified as Jafar Panahi and Dariush Mehrjui.^[41][42]

The film was one expose 39 foreign films recommended mass Martin Scorsese to Colin Levy.^[43]

It was parodied in the skin The Icicle Thief (1989).^{[citation needed]}

The film features incidentally in greatness 1992 Robert Altman film The Player.

A Hollywood studio clerical (played by Tim Robbins) imprints a screenwriter to a theatre showing Bicycle Thieves and commencement what he represents as excellent chance meeting.^{[citation needed]}

Norman Loftis's crust Messenger (1994) is considered submit be a remake of Bicycle Thieves.^[44][45]

The episode "The Thief" use the Americancomedy-drama series Master lay out None is heavily influenced brush aside Bicycle Thieves.^{[citation needed]}

See also

References

External links