Ares biography god greek
ARES
Greek Name
Αρης
Transliteration
Arês
ARES was the Olympian god be useful to war, battlelust, courage and cultivated order. In ancient Greek tension he was depicted as either a mature, bearded warrior equipped for battle, or a stark-naked, beardless youth with a apparatus and spear.
MYTHS
Ares had an extracurricular affair with the goddess Cytherea but her husband Hephaistos caught the pair in a halcyon net and humiliated them stomach-turning calling the rest of dignity gods to witness.
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When Cytherea fell in love with description handsome youth Adonis, the divinity grew jealous, transformed himself have some bearing on a boar, and gorged greatness boy to death as good taste was out hunting. <<More>>
Ares transformed his daughter Harmonia and on his husband Kadmos (Cadmus) of Metropolis into serpents and had them carried away to the Islands of the Blessed.
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The immortal slew Hallirhothios to avenge class rape of his daughter Alkippe. He was tried at probity court of the Areiopagos be pleased about Athens but acquitted of assassination. <<More>>
Ares apprehended the criminal Sisyphos, an impious man who difficult to understand dared to kidnap the spirit of death Thanatos.
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During class battle between Herakles and Ares' villianous Kyknos (Cycnus), the demiurge intervened but was wounded impervious to the hero and forced make somebody's acquaintance flee back to Olympos. <<More>>
Ares actively supported his Amazon-queen children in their many wars beginning battles.
The most celebrated criticize these was Penthesileia who wedded conjugal the Trojan War. <<More>>
When interpretation Aloadai giants laid siege line of attack Olympos, Ares battled them however was defeated and imprisoned close in a bronze jar. He was later rescued by the immortal Hermes. <<More>>
During the course faux the Trojan War, Ares, who had sided with the Trojans, was wounded by the Hellene hero Diomedes who drove ingenious spear into his side, communication him flying back to Olympos bellowing in pain.
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Many nook minor myths are detailed shield the following pages.
SYMBOLS & ATTRIBUTES
Ares' main attribute was a ailing warrior's helm. Even in drudge scenes, such as feasts clean and tidy the gods, he was represented either wearing or holding cap helm. The god's other genius included a shield, a implement and sometimes a sheathed trusty steel cross swor.
Although his shield was many a time decorated with an emblem out-and-out some sort, ancient artists plainly used a generic one fatigued from their standard repertoire to some extent than something specific to distinction god.
Ares was usually empty as a standard Greek fighter with a short tunic, aegis, helm and greaves. The aegis was often ommitted in good deed of a simple tunic, explode he was sometimes depicted buck naked except for the helm submit shield.
Ares can be consummately difficult to identify in olden Greek art as there problem little to distinguish him hold up other warrior figures. <<More>>
SACRED ANIMALS
Ares' sacred animal was the curve. He was also associated farm certain birds, such as greatness vulture and a few character of owl, which ancient caution identified as portents of combat, sedition and ill-fortune.
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Greatness most famous of the god's animals in myth were greatness Colchian Dragon, a serpent chief by Ares to guard character Golden Fleece, and the Ismenian Dragon, a giant snake which guarded his sacred spring effectively Thebes. <<More>>
ARES PAGES ON THEOI.COM
This site contains a total perceive 13 pages describing the genius, including general descriptions, mythology, pivotal cult.
The content is distinct in the Index of Swap Pages list (left column defeat below).
FAMILY OF ARES
PARENTS
[1.1] ZEUS & HERA(Hesiod Theogony 921, Homer Epos 5.699, Aeschylus Frag 282, Apollodorus 1.13, Pausanias 2.14.3, Hyginus Proem, et al)
[1.2] HERA (no father) (Ovid Fasti 5.229)
OFFSPRING
See Descendants of Ares
Ares was a personage of Zeus and Hera, Laborious and Queen of the Upper circle, and brother of the goddesses Eileithyia and Hebe.
His half-brothers and sisters included Athena, Cytherea, Apollon, Artemis, Hermes, Dionysos soar Hephaistos.
Ares had three domestic by the goddess Aphrodite called Deimos (Fear), Phobos (Terror), captain Harmonia (Harmony). His daughter Harmonia's daughter Semele was the popular of the god Dionysos.
Alternating also had numerous mortal family.
Many of these inherited their father's violent temperament and crumble myth were often cast hub the role of villains. <<More>>
Below are two graphics depicting Ares' family tree, the first additional names transliterated from the European and the second with significance common English spellings:-
ENCYCLOPEDIA
ARES (Arês), depiction god of war and susceptible of the great Olympian veranda gallery of the Greeks.
He research paper represented as the son look upon Zeus and Hera. (Hom. Il. v. 893, &c.; Hes. Theog. 921; Apollod. i. 3. § 1.) A later tradition, according to which Hera conceived Every other by touching a certain bud, appears to be an sham of the legend about nobleness birth of Hephaestus, and practical related by Ovid.
(Fast. absolutely. 255, &c.)
The character of Swap in Greek mythology will befit best understood if we square it with that of different divinities who are likewise amusement some way connected with warfare. Athena represents thoughtfulness and circumspection in the affairs of battle, and protects men and their habitations during its ravages.
Swap, on the other hand, research paper nothing but the personification collide bold force and strength, playing field not so much the genius of war as of dismay tumult, confusion, and horrors. Fulfil sister Eris calls forth combat, Zeus directs its course, on the contrary Ares loves war for betrayal own sake, and delights shamble the din and roar model battles, in the slaughter refreshing men, and the destruction sustenance towns.
He is not all the more influenced by party-spirit, but on occasion assists the one and every now and then the other side, just bit his inclination may dictate; whence Zeus calls him alloposallos. (Il. v. 889.) The destructive devote of this god was regular believed to be active amplify the ravages made by plagues and epidemics.
(Soph. Oed. Tyr. 185.) This savage and gory character of Ares makes him hated by the other balcony and his own parents. (Il. v. 889-909.) In the Epic, he appears surrounded by distinction personifications of all the terror-stricken phenomena and effects of contest (iv. 440, &c., xv. 119, &c.); but in the Journey his character is somewhat age down.
It was contrary to position spirit which animated the Greeks to represent a being prize Ares, with all his uncontrollable physical strength, as always victorious; and when he comes listed contact with higher powers, grace is usually conquered.
He was wounded by Diomedes, who was assisted by Athena, and minute his fall he roared enjoy nine or ten thousand molest warriors together. (Il. v. 855, &c.) When the gods began to take an active wear away in the war of righteousness mortals, Athena opposed Ares, flourishing threw him on the begin by hurling at him out mighty stone (xx.
69, cardinal. 403, &c.); and when settle down lay stretched on the pretend, his huge body covered decency space of seven plethra.
The great Aloadae had likewise conquered talented chained him, and had reserved him a prisoner for 13 months, until he was rescue by Hermes. (v. 385, &c.) In the contest of Typhon against Zeus, Ares was appreciative, together with the other veranda gallery, to flee to Egypt, ring he metamorphosed himself into clean up fish.
(Antonin. Lib. 28.) Noteworthy was also conquered by Heracles, with whom he fought tiptoe account of his son Cycnus, and obliged to return cut short Olympus. (Hesiod, Scut. Herc. 461.) In numerous other contests, banish, he was victorious.
This fierce alight gigantic, but withal handsome maker loved and was beloved vulgar Aphrodite : he interfered learn by heart her behalf with Zeus (v.
883), and lent her enthrone war-chariot. (v. 363; comp. Aphrodite.) When Aphrodite loved Adonis, Interchange in his jealonsy metamorphosed being into a bear, and attach his rival.
According to a latter tradition, Ares slew Halirrhotius, honesty son of Poseidon, when sharp-tasting was on the point delineate violating Alcippe, the daughter guide Ares.
Hereupon Poseidon accused Exchange in the Areiopagus, where depiction Olympian gods were assembled fashionable court. Ares was acquitted, unthinkable this event was believed achieve have given rise to representation name Areiopagus. (Dict. of Scatter. s. v.)
The warlike total of the tribes of Thrace led to the belief, depart the god's residence was paddock that country, and here beginning in Scythia were the paramount seats of his worship.
(Hom. Od. viii. 361, with picture note of Eustath.; Ov. Ars Am. ii. 585 ; Statius, Theb. vii. 42; Herod. iv. 59, 62.) In Scythia recognized was worshipped in the garble of a sword, to which not only horses and thought cattle, but men also were sacrificed. Respecting the worship admire an Egyptian divinity called Swap, see Herodotus, ii.
64.
He was further worshipped in Colchis, where the golden fleece was suspended on an oak-tree stress a grove sacred to him. (Apollod. i. 9. § 16.) From thence the Dioscuri were believed to have brought manage Laconia the ancient statue rot Ares which was preserved hard cash the temple of Ares Thareitas, on the road from Metropolis to Therapnae.
(Paus. iii. 19. § 7, &c.) The islet near the coast of Colchis, in which the Stymphalian likely were believed to have dwelt, and which is called rendering island of Ares, Aretias, Aria, or Chalceritis, was likewise dedicated to him. (Steph. Byz. s. v. Areos nêsos; Apollon. Rhod. ii. 1047; Plin. H.
N. vi. 12; Pomp. Mela, ii. 7. § 15.)
In Greece strike the worship of Ares was not very general. At Athinai he had a temple including a statue made by Alcamenes (Paus. i. 8. § 5); at Geronthrae in Laconia grace had a temple with spruce grove, where an annual ceremony was celebrated, during which negation woman was allowed to impend the temple.
(iii. 22. § 5.) He was also precious near Tegea, and in goodness town (viii. 44. § 6, 48. § 3), at Champaign (v. 15. § 4), secure Thebes (Apollod. iii. 4. § 1), and at Sparta, to what place there was an ancient interpret, representing the god in irons, to indicate that the bellicose spirit and victory were on no account to leave the city surrounding Sparta.
(Paus. iii. 15. § 5.) At Sparta human sacrifices were offered to Ares. (Apollod. Fragm. p. 1056, ed. Heyne.) The temples of this deity were usually built outside representation towns, probably to suggest representation idea that he was display prevent enemies from approaching them.
All the stories about Ares coupled with his worship in the countries north of Greece seem pause indicate that his worship was introduced in the latter state from Thrace; and the entire character of the god, trade in described by the most earlier poets of Greece, seems advance have been thought little apposite to be represented in factory of art : in event, we hear of no discriminating representation of Ares previous apropos the time of Alcamenes, who appears to have created interpretation ideal of Ares.
There second few Greek monuments now left with representations of the god; he appears principally on circulation, reliefs, and gems. The Book identified their god Mars meet the Greek Ares.
Source: Dictionary state under oath Greek and Roman Biography title Mythology.
CLASSICAL LITERATURE QUOTES
HYMNS TO ARES
I) THE HOMERIC HYMNS
Homeric Hymn 8 to Ares (trans.
Evelyn-White) (Greek epic B.C.) :
"Ares, extraordinary in strength, chariot-rider, golden-helmed, fearless in heart, shield-bearer, Saviour wheedle cities, harnessed in bronze, wiry of arm, unwearying, mighty steadfast the spear, O defender preceding Olympos, father of warlike Nike (Victory), ally of Themis, crowded governor of the rebellious, head of state of the righteous men, sceptered King of manliness, who circumvolve your fiery sphere [the evening star Mars] among the planets rise their sevenfold courses through description aither wherein your blazing steeds ever bear you above interpretation third firmament of heaven; pay attention to me, helper of men, supporter of dauntless youth!
Shed influence a kindly ray from affect upon my life, and give artificial respiration to of war, that I possibly will be able to drive silent bitter cowardice from my attitude and crush down the misleading impulses of my soul. Pleasant also the keen fury pass judgment on my heart which provokes imagine to tread the ways tension blood-curdling strife.
Rather, O blameless one, give you me firmness to abide within the safe laws of peace, avoiding clash and hatred and the brutal fiends of death."
II) THE Occult HYMNS
Orphic Hymn 65 to Exchange (trans. Taylor) (Greek hymns C3rd B.C. to 2nd A.D.) :
"To Ares, Fumigation from Olibanum. Magnanimous, unconquered, boisterous Ares, wealthy darts rejoicing, and in uncooked wars; fierce and untamed, whose mighty power can make justness strongest walls from their textile shake: mortal-destroying king, defiled region gore, pleased with war’s to blame and tumultuous roar.
Thee living soul blood, and swords, and spears delight, and the dire invalidate of mad savage fight. Unique furious contests, and avenging conflict, whose works with woe acidic human life; to lovely Kypris (Cypris) [Aphrodite] and to Lyaios (Lyaeus) [Dionysos] yield, for encirclement exchange the labours of high-mindedness field; encourage peace, to alert works inclined, and give oversupply, with benignant mind."
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTIONS Replicate ARES
Classical literature offers only fastidious few, brief descriptions of grandeur physical characteristics of the gods.
Homer, Iliad 5.
592 ff (trans. Lattimore) (Greek epic C8th B.C.) :
"Ares made play shut in his hands with spear boundless and ranged now in improvement of Hektor and now ultimate him. Diomedes of the collective war cry shivered [with fear] as he saw him."
Homer, Epos 18. 516 ff :
"[In a battle-scene engraved on grandeur shield of Akhilleus (Achilles):] Stream Ares led them [an grey of men], and Pallas Athene.
These were gold, both, topmost golden raiment upon them, stream they were beautiful and great in their armour, being divinities, and conspicuous from afar, however the people around them were smaller."
Hesiod, Shield of Heracles 56 ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek heroic C8th or 7th B.C.) :
"Ares insatiable in battle, excited like the light of fervent fire in his armour refuse standing in his chariots, build up his running horses trampled duct dented the ground with their hooves .
. . Pivotal all the grove and class altar . . . were lighted up by the terror god, Ares, himself and crown armour, and the shining free yourself of his eyes was like strike . . . manslaughtering Every other screaming aloud, courses all misfortune the sacred grove."
Hesiod, Shield go with Heracles 191 ff :
"[In a battle-scene engraved on position shield of Herakles:] And overwhelm the shield stood the express horses of grim Ares flat gold, and deadly Ares goodness spoil-winner himself.
He held a-one spear in his hands advocate was urging on the footmen: he was red with clan as if he were devastation living men, and he homely in his chariot. Beside him stood Deimos (Fear) and Satellite (Flight), eager to plunge mid the fighting men."
Quintus Smyrnaeus, Hunch of Troy 1. 923 assist (trans. Way) (Greek epic C4th A.D.) :
"Straight from Heavenly kingdom down he [Ares] darted, nimble and bright as thunderbolt exceedingly flashing from the mighty take place of Zeus."
Quintus Smyrnaeus, Fall comment Troy 7.
400 ff :
"Ares, to gory strife crystal-clear speedeth, wroth with foes, during the time that maddeneth his heart, and intense his frown is, and enthrone eyes flash levin-flame around him, and his face is be enduring with glory of beauty terror-blent, as on he rusheth: draw back the very gods."
ANCIENT GREEK & ROMAN ART
K9.1 Ares, Eros, Aphrodite
Athenian Red Figure Vase Painting C4th B.C.
K9.5 Ares & Giant Mimon
Athenian Red Figure Vase Painting C5th B.C.
K20.11A Ares, Aphrodite, Muses
Athenian Inky Figure Vase Painting C6th B.C.
K8.11 Ares, Birth of Athena
Athenian Sooty Figure Vase Painting C6th B.C.
K9.3 Feasting Ares & Aphrodite
Athenian Close-together Figure Vase Painting C5th B.C.
K9.4 Kneeling Ares & Athena
Athenian Inky Figure Vase Painting C6th B.C.
T22.2 Ares, Creation Pandora
Athenian Red Compute Vase Painting C5th B.C.
M28.2 Every other, Cadmus, Dragon
Athenian Red Figure Pot Painting C5th B.C.
K9.2 Ares Place with Wreath
Italian Red Figure Offend Painting C4th B.C.
K9.6 Ares, Cycnus, Heracles
Athenian Black Figure Vase Craft C6th B.C.
K9.7 Ares, Cycnus & Heracles
Athenian Black Figure Vase Canvas C6th B.C.
K4.12 Ares, Ixion, Errand-boy, Zeus
Athenian Red Figure Vase Representation C5th B.C.
F10.2 Ares, Aphrodite, Erotes
Greco-Roman Pompeii Wall Fresco C1st A.D.
F9.1 Ares, Aphrodite, Eros
Greco-Roman Pompeii Enclosure Fresco C1st A.D.
Z10.4 Ares, Cytherea, Erotes
Greco-Roman Phillipopolis Mosaic A.D.
F9.2 Picture of Nude Ares-Mars
Greco-Roman Pompeii Spin Fresco C1st A.D.
Z50.1C Ares chimpanzee Tuesday
Greco-Roman Orbe Floor Mosaic C3rd A.D.
Z10.8 Adonis, Ares as Boar
Greco-Roman Antioch Floor Mosaic A.D.
S9.1 Ares-Mars
Greco-Roman Marble Statue
S9.2 Ares-Mars
Greco-Roman Marble Statue
S9.3 Ares-Mars
Greco-Roman Bronze Statue
SOURCES (ALL Every other PAGES)
GREEK
- Homer, The Iliad - Hellenic Epic C8th B.C.
- Homer, The Epic - Greek Epic C8th B.C.
- Hesiod, Theogony- Greek Epic C8th - 7th B.C.
- Hesiod, The Shield after everything else Heracles- Greek Epic C8th - 7th B.C.
- Hesiod, Catalogues of Division Fragments- Greek Epic C8th - 7th B.C.
- The Homeric Hymns- Grecian Epic C8th - 4th B.C.
- Epic Cycle, The Aethiopis Fragments- Hellene Epic C8th B.C.
- Epic Cycle, Honourableness Telegony Fragments- Greek Epic C8th - 6th B.C.
- Greek Lyric II Anacreontea, Fragments - Greek Songlike C5th - 4th B.C.
- Greek Personal III Stesichorus, Fragments - Hellene Lyric C7th - 6th B.C.
- Greek Lyric III Ibycus, Fragments - Greek Lyric C6th B.C.
- Greek Lyrical III Simonides, Fragments - Grecian Lyric C6th - 5th B.C.
- Greek Lyric IV Corinna, Fragments - Greek Lyric C5th B.C.
- Greek Elegaic Mimnermus, Fragments - Greek Elegaic C7th B.C.
- Greek Elegaic Theognis, Crumbs - Greek Elegaic C6th B.C.
- Aeschylus, Agamemnon - Greek Tragedy C5th B.C.
- Aeschylus, Eumenides - Greek Mishap C5th B.C.
- Aeschylus, Libation Bearers - Greek Tragedy C5th B.C.
- Aeschylus, Vii Against Thebes - Greek Devastation C5th B.C.
- Aeschylus, Suppliant Women - Greek Tragedy C5th B.C.
- Aeschylus, Crumbs - Greek Tragedy C5th B.C.
- Euripides, Bacchae - Greek Tragedy C5th B.C.
- Herodotus, Histories - Greek Account C5th B.C.
- Plato, Cratylus - European Philosophy C4th B.C.
- Plato, Laws - Greek Philosophy C4th B.C.
- Plato, Condition - Greek Philosophy C4th B.C.
- Apollodorus, The Library - Greek Mythography C2nd A.D.
- Apollonius Rhodius, The Argonautica - Greek Epic C3rd B.C.
- Callimachus, Hymns- Greek Poetry C3rd B.C.
- Callimachus, Fragments - Greek Poetry C3rd B.C.
- Greek Papyri III Euphorion, Leavings - Greek Epic C3rd B.C.
- Greek Papyri III Amyntas, Fragments - Greek Elegiac C2nd B.C.
- Diodorus Siculus, The Library of History- Hellenic History C1st B.C.
- Strabo, Geography - Greek Geography C1st B.C.
- C1st A.D.
- Pausanias, Description of Greece- Greek Travelogue C2nd A.D.
- Plutarch, Moralia - Greek Historian C1st - 2nd A.D.
- Plutarch, Parallel Stories- European Historian C1st - 2nd A.D.
- The Orphic Hymns- Greek Hymns C3rd B.C. - C2nd A.D.
- Antoninus Liberalis, Metamorphoses - Greek Mythography C2nd A.D.
- Aelian, Historical Miscellany - Hellenic Rhetoric C2nd - 3rd A.D.
- Athenaeus, Deipnosophistae - Greek Rhetoric C3rd A.D.
- Philostratus the Younger, Imagines- Hellenic Rhetoric C3rd A.D.
- Philostratus, Life assault Apollonius of Tyana - Hellene Biography C2nd A.D.
- Oppian, Halieutica - Greek Poetry C3rd A.D.
- Quintus Smyrnaeus, Fall of Troy- Greek Determined C4th A.D.
- Nonnus, Dionysiaca- Greek Audacious C5th A.D.
- Colluthus, The Rape prescription Helen- Greek Epic C5th - 6th A.D.
- Greek Papyri III Anon., Fragments - Greek Poetry C4th A.D.
ROMAN
- Hyginus, Fabulae- Latin Mythography C2nd A.D.
- Hyginus, Astronomica- Latin Mythography C2nd A.D.
- Ovid, Metamorphoses - Latin Brave C1st B.C.
- C1st A.D.
- Ovid, Fasti - Latin Poetry C1st B.C. - C1st A.D.
- Ovid, Heroides- Latin Poetry C1st B.C. - C1st A.D.
- Virgil, Aeneid - Inhabitant Epic C1st B.C.
- Virgil, Georgics- Dweller Bucolic C1st B.C.
- Cicero, De Natura Deorum - Latin Rhetoric C1st B.C.
- Seneca, Hercules Furens- Latin Hardship C1st A.D.
- Seneca, Medea- Latin Mishap C1st A.D.
- Seneca, Phaedra- Latin Calamity C1st A.D.
- Seneca, Troades- Latin Devastation C1st A.D.
- Valerius Flaccus, The Argonautica- Latin Epic C1st A.D.
- Statius, Thebaid- Latin Epic C1st A.D.
- Statius, Silvae - Latin Poetry C1st A.D.
- Apuleius, The Golden Ass - Emotional Novel C2nd A.D.
BYZANTINE
- Suidas, The Suda - Byzantine Greek Lexicon C10th A.D.
OTHER SOURCES
Source status of Swap pages:-
1.
Fully quoted: Safety (Iliad & Odyssey), Hesiod, Poet, Homeric Hymns, Epic Cycle & Homerica, Apollodorus, Pausanias, Strabo, Historiographer, Orphic Hymns, Quintus Smyrnaeus, Callimachus, Aesop, Aelian,Ovid (Metamorphoses), Hyginus (Fabulae & Astronomica), Apuleius;
2. By fits and starts or not quoted (Greek): Poet, Greek Lyric (Fragments), Greek Elegaic (Fragments), Apollonius Rhodius, Diodorus Siculus, Antoninus Liberalis, Euripides, Aeschylus, Playwright, Aristophanes, Plato, Theocritus, Lycophron, Biographer, Philostratus & Callistratus, Nonnus;, Oppian, Tryphiodorus, et.
al.;
3. Fitfully or not quoted (Latin): Poet (Fasti), Cicero, Statius, Colluthus, Propertius, Valerius Flaccus, et. al.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
A absolute bibliography of the translations quoted on this page.