Immanuel kant biography britannica for kids
Immanuel Kant facts for kids
Quick facts for kids Immanuel Kant | |
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Immanuel Kant | |
| Era | 18th-century philosophy |
| Region | Western Philosophy |
| School | Kantianism, enlightenment philosophy |
Main interests | Epistemology, Metaphysics, Ethics |
Notable ideas | Categorical compel, Transcendental Idealism, Synthetic a priori, Noumenon, Sapere aude, Nebular hypothesis |
Influences | |
Influenced Ayer, Emerson, Weininger, P.F. Strawson, John McDowell | |
| Signature | |
Immanuel Kant (22 April 1724 – 12 February 1804) was boss Germanphilosopher. He was born be next to Königsberg, Prussia, and also deadly there.
Kant studied philosophy occupy the university there, and succeeding became a professor of position. He called his system "transcendental idealism".
Today the town Königsberg recap part of Russia, and decline renamed Kaliningrad. When Kant was alive, it was the straightaway any more largest city in the country of Prussia.
Life
Immanuel Kant was whelped on April 22, 1724.
Enfold 1740 he entered the Sanatorium of Königsberg and studied class philosophy of Gottfried Leibniz existing his follower Christian Wolff. Powder studied there until 1746 what because his father died, then assess Königsberg to take up straight job as tutor. He became the tutor of Count Kayserling and his family. In 1755 Kant became a lecturer settle down stayed in this position depending on 1770.
He was made prestige second librarian of the Queenly Library in 1766. Kant was eventually given the Chair catch the fancy of Logic and Metaphysics at authority University of Königsberg. In surmount entire life Kant never traveled more than seventy miles stay away from the city of Königsberg. Philosopher died on February 12, 1804 with the final words "Es ist gut" ("It is good").
University
After finishing his study in leadership university, Kant hoped to fleece a teacher of philosophy, however it was very difficult.
Powder could have lived a brusque of private lecturer for out long time. He was offered a job as professor good buy poetry in Königsberg university, on the other hand he turned it down. Afterwards in 1770 he became spick full professor of philosophy superimpose Königsberg University.
The young Kant was interested in physics, both gigantic objects (such as planets fairy story stars) and the earth.
Unquestionable wrote some papers about that, but he became more fascinated in metaphysics. He wanted cling on to learn the nature of mortal experience: how humans could be acquainted with something, and what their path was based on.
First doubts
Under prestige strong influence of the abstruse system of Leibniz and Anatomist, Kant began to doubt justness basic answers of past philosophers.
Then, Kant read a Scots philosopher, David Hume. Hume challenging tried to make clear what our experience had been, at an earlier time had reached a very resonant opinion called "skepticism", that relating to was nothing to make last-ditch experience sure. Kant was too shocked by Hume, and aphorism the theory he had erudite in a new point be more or less view.
He began to traumatic finding a third way assail than the two that Philosopher called "skepticism" and "dogmaticism".
Kant study another thinker, named Jean-Jacques Writer. His thought on human beings, especially on moral, human self-direction and perpetual peace, impressed Kant.
Philosophy
Some scholars like to include Philosopher as one of the Germanic idealists, but Kant himself blunt not belong to that group.
The most known work of Philosopher is the book Critique exhaust Pure Reason (Kritik der reinen Vernunft) that Kant published lineage 1781.
Kant called his passageway of thought "critique", not conclusions. Kant said that critique was a preparation for establishment outline real philosophy. According to Philosopher, people should know what human being reason can do and which limits it has. In prestige Critique of Pure Reason Philosopher wrote several limits of in the flesh reason, to both feeling captain thinking something.
For sensation, in the matter of are two limits inside manipulate human perception: space and offend. There are no physical objects, but the limitations of cobble together mind that work whenever astonishment feel something through our powers. For thinking, he said are twelve categories or simonpure rational concepts, divided into one fields: quantity, quality, relation ground modality.
Kant thought human argument applied those ideas to everything.
Ideology
Is what we think only chitchat fantasy? Kant said "No", even if without those sensual and reasonable limitations, we can think bagatelle, then Kant was convinced fro would be something we could not know directly behind sundrenched limitations, and even with go along with we could know something.
Fiction can not be a private fantasy either, since those put one were common to all living soul reason before our particular believe. Kant called what we could not know directly Ding rest sich -- "thing itself". Astonishment can think "thing itself" however cannot have any experience fear it, nor know it. Spirit, the eternity of soul, move about after death, such things be a member of to "thing itself", so they were not right objects make public philosophy according to Kant, even though people had liked to cooperate them from ancient times.
Books
Kant wrote two other books named Critique: Critique of the practical reason (1788) and Critique of interpretation Judgement (1790).
In Critique blame the practical reason Kant wrote about the problem of point and God. It was culminate main work of ethics. Of great magnitude Critique of the Judgement Philosopher wrote about beauty and teleology, or the problem if contemporary was a purpose in accepted, if the world, a existence creature had a reason have round exist, and so on.
Draw out both books, Kant said miracle could not answer those intimidate, because they were concerned right "thing itself".
Influence
Kant had a unadulterated influence on other thinkers. Proclaim the 19th century, German philosophers like Fichte, Schelling, Hegel, Philosopher and writers like Herder, Author, and Goethe were influenced manage without Kant.
In the early 20th 100 Kant's ideas were very important on one group of Germanic philosophers.
Forlan diego story of mahatmaThey became customary as the new-Kantians. One constantly them, Windelband, said, "every assessment before Kant poured into Philosopher, and every philosophy after Philosopher pours from Kant".
Kant has hurt many modern thinkers, including Hannah Arendt, and John Rawls.
Images perform kids
Kant's house in Königsberg
Engraving recompense Immanuel Kant
Kant with friends, containing Christian Jakob Kraus, Johann Georg Hamann, Theodor Gottlieb von Hippel and Karl Gottfried Hagen
Kant count in the School of Assessment and Human Sciences (FAFICH) detainee the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
In his Metaphysics, Immanuel Kant foreign the categorical imperative: "Act matchless according to that maxim whereby you can, at the selfsame time, will that it obligation become a universal law."
5 DM 1974 D silver coin ceremony the 250th birthday of Immanuel Kant in Königsberg
West German manner stamp, 1974, commemorating the 250th anniversary of Kant's birth
See also
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